OUMH 1303 SEPTEMBER 2012-EXAM PAPER ( BESERTA JAWAPAN )

OUMH 1303 SEPTEMBER 2012

PART A

1Camp & Satterwhite (2002) say that there are four main purposes in communication.Explain these FOUR main purposes.

Answer :Topic 1 pg 9

The purposes of communication:/

1.To inquire/ ask

·Obtain or get information / knowledge / ideas

·e.g :What is GST ?

2.To inform

·Tell / spread information / knowledge / ideas to people

·e.g the advantages of GST

3.To pursuade

·To inluence people / to get agreement

·e.g :teacher must support the new education policy

4.To develop goodwill / friendship / relationship

·To maintain relationship with people

·e.g :having small talk with friends/ gathering / phone

2.How can you determine if what a person is saying is a fact and opinion ? Define and provide example for both.

Answer :Topic 4 page 63

·A fact is something that has objective reality,it is not a matter of perception or opinion, and is true. ( Bassham,Irwin,Nardone, Wallace, 2000)

Usually, facts can be verified with reliable sources or data and are known with some degree of certainty. Facts include statistical data, reports of observation and examples of actual events and happenings.

· Opinions are often based on what one believes to be true or on how a person feels about something. ( Bassham, Irwin, Nardone, Wallace, 2000)

Opinions, unlike facts, can be very subjective – sometimes, they are based on nothing more than prejudise or wishful thinking.

3 Emotive language reveals a speaker’s attitude towards a certain subject and persuades the listener to feel the same. Underline six emotive words below:

“ Amazing three-bedroom bungalow located on the edge of the city with a scenic view of the sea. Spacious sitting room, contemporary and luxurious kitchen and exquisite tiled porch.

4. Give three benefits of active listening.

Answer : Topic 3 page 41

Active listening has several benefits :

· It enables people to listen attentively to others

· It prevents misunderstanding as people have to confirm that they really understand what the speaker has said; and

· It encourages the speaker to explain more because he / she feels that you are really attuned to his / her concern and wants to listen.

5. A speech can be divided into three parts.Name ALL and explain.

Answer : Topic 8 page 184

(a) Introduction :

• attention-getting devise ( capture listeners' attention, perhaps with joke or something interesting that is relevant to the topic you are speaking on )
• Motivate the audience to listen to you.
• Thesis statement ( What will you speak about ? Provite your stand on the topic )
• Preview the speech

(b) Body

• First main point
• Second main point

(c) Conclusion

• summary the main point
• closing statement

6.List FOUR useful phrases you can use to politely expree disagreement.

Answer:Topic 7 page 161

· I don’t agree. ( formal)

· I don’t believe that. (formal)

· I don’t think so at all. (formal)

· That’s a joke. (informal)

7. Negotiation is a way of resolving differences of opinion between people.

(a) How would you respond that you DISAGREE with, if your objective is to negotiate for a win-win situation ?

‘ I think we should ensure that only the best students who can afford the fees are accepted into our college.”

Answer : Topic 7 page 161

(b) Two of your friends are arguing about how best to solve a problem. You want them to negotiate rather than fight, What would you say to them?

Answer : Topic 7 page 149

• Can we do this another way....?
• What abour...../ How about....?
• All right then......
• Okay, then......
• Are y ou sure......?

8. In social interaction, people usually take turns to speak. List FOUR phrases that can be used to signal your wish to speak.

Answer : Topic 7 page 161

· Excuse me but....(formal)

· May I interrupt please ? (formal)

· Sorry, but may I say something ? (formal)

· Hey people ! ( informal)

9. Visual aids are important in any presentation. Why is it so ?

Answer : Topic 9 page 205

In short, visual aids are used for various reasons:

· Firstly, they can enhance audience’s comprehension of the subject matter. Visual aids would probably help them grasp the content of the massage more quickly, and minimise miscommunication, misunderstanding and misintrepetations caused by intevening variable such as environmental and personally factors while the massage is being transmitted.

· Secondly, the use of visual aids helps listeners to be more focused as they can catch their attention and hold it for a longer period of time.

·         Thirdly,  visual aids can add authenticity,  beauty,  credibility and variety to the entire presentation.

10.Differentiate the TWO sounds in English / hit/ and / heat / and explain how it affect communication.

Answer :

hit -  short sound

heat - long sound

The basic elements in speaking are pronunciation, articulation, stress and intonation.

Words and sentences correctly voiced help to get the intended massage across.

To a certain extend, pronunciation error can inhibit successful communication.

For example hit ( short sound ) and heat ( long sound ).

People will get confused if you use the same sound.

Unsur-unsur dasar dalam berbicara adalah sebutan, artikulasi, stres dan intonasi.

Perkataan dan ayat dengan betul menyuarakan bantuan untuk mendapatkan urutan yang dimaksudkan. Untuk jangkauan tertentu, ralat sebutan boleh menghalang komunikasi yang berjaya.

Contohnya melanda (bunyi pendek) dan haba (bunyi panjang).

Orang akan keliru jika anda menggunakan bunyi yang sama.

OUMH 1303 ENGLISH FOR ORAL COMMUNICATION JANUARI 2013

PART A

1.       Explain the difference between ‘ hearing’ and ‘listening’.

Answer : Topic 3

            Hearing is one of the five senses of a person and it is the ability to perceive sound by detecting vibrations through an organ such as the ear. Listening also known as ‘active listening’ is a technique used in communication which requires a person to pay attention to the speaker and provide feedback. Listening is a step further than  hearing, where after the brain receives the nerve impulses and deciphers it, it then sends feedback.

2.      Interferences or noisy may distract a receiver from paying attention to the massage.  List FOUR possible interferences.

Answer : Topic 2 Page 37

·         Physical Interference:

·         Physiological Interference

·         Phychological Interference

·         Semantic Interference

3.      In your face-to-face tutorial,  whatever style the tutor uses,  there will always be cues that point listeners to important ideas and information in the tutorial. State FOUR of the micro-markers that often used in the tutorial.

Answer:  Topic 4 page 58

Examples of micro-markers are :

• What I'm going to talk about today is something that you probably already know......
• We'll see that ......
• That / This is why......
• To begin with....

4.      People interect orally in small groups that are set up to achieve specific goals.  List FOUR goals that can be achieved in small group communication.

Answer : Topic 1 page 15

Small group communication takes place in a group,  usually comprising 5 to 10 people.

FOUR goals that can be achieved in small group communication:

1·         This form of communication serves relationship needs like companionship, family bonding and affection or support as well as tast-based needs,  for example deciding on disciplinary or resolving conflict in the workplace.

2·         In academic institutions,  students often form small groups which meet regularly for study discussion or to work collaboratively on projects.

3·         At the workplace,  small groups may meet to discuss issues related to work,  or for problem-solving or team-building purposes.

4·         Small group communication allows you to interact with others,  be at home,  in school, at the workplace or in public.  You learn to exchange ideas,  solve problems and share experiences.

5.      Stress and intonation are important in speech.  There are two kinds of stress. Define both of them with examples.

Answer: Topic 5 Page 102

·         Word Stress- Example SYLlabus,  SUBstitute,  TECHnical

·         Sentence Stress- Example – He LIVES in the HOUSE on the CORNER

The stressed words are content and they convey the most important ideas in the sentence: lives,  house,  corner.

6.      The utilisation of visual aids is important in any oral presentation.  What are the impacts if a presenter does not use visual aids during his presentation ? Describe at least FOUR impacts.

Answer : Topic 9 Page 204

·         Communication less effectiveness – clear pictures multiply the students’ level of understanding of the material presented,  and they should be used to reinforce your massage,  clarify points,  and create excitement.

·         Bored the audience-  visuals can help them to better absorb information

·         Make a difficulty to the presenter- words plus images help to make complex information more understandable

·         Students perception of the presenter decrease

7.      Define intercultural communication and describe a situation in the Malaysia context where an intercultural problem could cause disharmony in oral communication practices.

Answer : Topic 1 Page 16

Intercultural communication is communication between people of diverse cultural and ethnicities.  The world is increasingly becoming a global village and every country has people of various ethnicities.  Thus,  it is important to note differences in the communication practices of different cultures if intercurmony, as well as understanding is to be maintained. For example in Malaysia.............................................

8.      Why do speakers,  especially public speakers,  use emotive language?

Answer: Topic 3 page 50

·         Speakers use words not just to convey information but also to persuade listeners.  The words are chosen for their emotive force or their impact on a listener’s feeling,  desire and needs.

·         Emotion language reveals a speaker’s attitude and feelings towards the subject and persuades the listener to feel the same rather than increases the listener’s knowledge of the subject.

·         Good speakers often use emotive words to arouse feelings and emotions in us.

9.      In public speaking,  a presenter shoul adhere to the principle of effective presentation to maximise communication.  Discuss FOUR techniques on how to build your confidence in public speaking.

Answer: Topic 8 Page 171 ( 4 only )

·         Change the way you think

·         Systemic desensitisation

·         Skills training

·         Prepare and practise your speech

·         Relaxation techniques

·         Gain experience

10.  In oral communication,  information,  thoughts and ideas are conveyed via a spoken language.  State FOUR ways of oral communication.

Answer : Topic 1 Page 6

·         Face-to-face conversation

·         Meetings

·         Voice mail massages

·         Teleconferencing

·         Oral presentation

·         Public speaking

OUMH 1303 2009

1.       In the English Language,  vowels may be divided into two categories :  simple vowels and diphthongs.  State a definition for each of them to show the main difference.

Answer :

2.      There are many common words and phrases that denote a cause and effect relationship such as “  as a result of” and “  as a consequence “  .  State FOUR other examples.

Answer:

        

3.      What does being a crirical listener involve ?  Why do you need to be a critical listener. Give TWO examples of a situation when you need to be a critical listener.

Answer:

·         We need to be a critical listener during the tutorial / lecture class. Students should be a critical listener in order to identify the main and supporting point or to take note.

·         When we need to obtain information.

4.      Provide TWO differences being giving fatcs and giving opinions ?

Answer : Topic 4 pg 63

Giving facts:

·         Objective statement

·         Something that is real,  true,  actual,  realible sources,  statistics, research,  evidence.

·         e.g:  Smoking causes cancer.

            Giving Opinions:

·         subjective statement

·         prejudise, personel ideas,  belief,  not reliable sources,  perception,  true or not true.

·         e.g :  Men are more intelligent than women.

5.      In the face-to-face communication,  at least FOUR things can signal the speaker’s attitude towards the situation.  What are they ?

6.      What are FOUR key element of making small talks?

7.      When preparing speech,  a public speaker has to create a proper structure for his/her speech.  What happens if she / he does not have a structure for the speech.  Give TWO consequences for a poor structure.

Answer:  Topic 9 pg 198

Consequences for a poor structure:

· The audience cannot pay attention for a long period of time.

· The audience may find the presentation difficult to follow if it is not systematicallay structured and organised.

8.      That are many things that one should bear in mind when preparing a speech.  For instant,  he /she should stand straight and not slauch in front of the audience.  What are FOUR other things he/ she should do during the presentation?

Answer :  Topic 10 pg 217

When making the actual presentation,  bear in mind the following:

·Maintain eye contact with the audience.

·Great the audience,  and then start your presentation.

·Give an overview of what you are going to talk about.

·Try not to read from your notes.  Talk to the aidience instead.

9.      Match the following phrases with the correct function.  Some function  may be used more than once.

                                                       

10.  Solorzano and Schmidt (1998) in your text explain that there are ways to support one’s opinions as well as justify and explain those opinions: by giving facts,  statistics, examples and personel stories.  Explain each one in detail, giving example if necassary.